Imanuwali Yokusebenza Nokulungisa–Amavavu Esango

3. Isitoreji & Ukunakekela & Ukufakwa & Ukusebenza
3.1 Isitoreji Nokunakekela
3.1.1 Amavalvu kufanele agcinwe esesimweni sasendlini.Iziphetho zomgodi kufanele zimbozwe ngepulaki.
3.1.2 Ukuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile kanye nokucaciswa kuyadingeka kumavalvu agcinwe isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi ukuhlanza indawo engaphezulu.Akukho monakalo ovunyelwe.Kucelwa ukugcotshwa uwoyela ukuze kugwenywe ukugqwala endaweni yomshini.
3.1.3 Maqondana nokugcinwa kwevalvu izinyanga ezingaphezu kweziyi-18, ukuhlolwa kuyadingeka ngaphambi kokufakwa kwamavalvu bese urekhoda umphumela.
3.1.4 Amavalvu kufanele ahlolwe futhi agcinwe kahle ngemva kokufakwa.Amaphuzu asemqoka anjengalawa angezansi:
1) Indawo yokuvala
2) Isiqu ne-Stem nut
3) Ukupakisha
4) Ukuhlanzwa kwangaphakathi kwendawo yoMzimba neBhonethi.
3.2 Ukufakwa
3.2.1 Hlola kabusha izimpawu zamavalvu (Uhlobo, i-DN, Isilinganiselwa, Izinto) ezithobelana nezimpawu ezicelwe wuhlelo lwamapayipi.
3.2.2 Kucelwa ukuhlanzwa ngokuphelele kwesikhala nendawo yokuvala ngaphambi kokufakwa kwevalvu.
3.2.3 Qinisekisa ukuthi amabhawodi aqinile ngaphambi kokufakwa.
3.2.4 Qinisekisa ukuthi ukupakisha kuqinile ngaphambi kokufaka.Nokho, akufanele iphazamise ukunyakaza kwe-stem.
3.2.5 Indawo yevalvu kufanele ilungele ukuhlolwa nokusebenza.Okuvundlile ukuya kwepayipi kuyakhethwa.Gcina isondo lesandla liye phezulu nesiqu sime mpo.
3.2.6 Ngevalvu yokuvala, ayifanele ukufakwa esimweni sokusebenza ngomfutho ophezulu.Isiqu kufanele sigwenywe ukuze sonakaliswe.
3.2.7 Ngevalvu yokushisela yesokhethi, kucelwa ukunakwa ngesikhathi sokuxhunywa kwevalvu kanje:
1) I-Welder kufanele iqinisekiswe.
2) Ipharamitha yenqubo yokushisela kufanele ihambisane nesitifiketi sekhwalithi yezinto zokushisela.
3）Impahla yokugcwalisa yomugqa wokushisela, ukusebenza kwamakhemikhali nokusebenza kwemishini kanye ne-anti-corrosion kufanele kufane nezinto zomzali womzimba.
3.2.8 Ukufakwa kwamavalvu kufanele kugweme ukucindezela okukhulu okuvela kokunamathiselwe noma amapayipi.
3.2.9 Ngemva kokufakwa, amavalvu kufanele avuleke ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komfutho wepayipi.
3.2.10 Iphuzu Lokusekela:uma ipayipi liqine ngokwanele ukusekela isisindo se-valve kanye ne-torque yokusebenza, indawo yokusekela ayiceliwe.Ngaphandle kwalokho kuyadingeka.
3.2.11 Ukuphakamisa:Ukuphakamisa isondo lesandla akuvunyelwe kumavalvu.
3.3 Ukusebenza kanye nokusetshenziswa
3.3.1 Amavalvu esango kufanele avuleke noma avalwe ngokuphelele ngesikhathi esetshenziswa ukuze kugwenywe indandatho yokuvala isihlalo kanye nendawo yediski okubangelwa isivinini esikhulu.Abakwazi ukumangalelwa ngokulawulwa kokugeleza.
3.3.2 Isondo lesandla kufanele lisetshenziswe ukushintsha ezinye izinsimbi zokuvula noma ukuvala amavalvu
3.3.3 Phakathi nezinga lokushisa elivunyelwe lesevisi, ingcindezi esheshayo kufanele ibe phansi kunengcindezi elinganiselwe ngokuya nge-ASME B16.34
3.3.4 Akukho monakalo noma isiteleka esivunyelwe ngesikhathi sokuthutha, ukufakwa kanye nokusebenza.
3.3.5 Ithuluzi lokulinganisa lokuhlola ukugeleza okungazinzile liyacelwa ukuba lilawule futhi lisuse isici sokubola ukugwema ukulimala nokuvuza kwevalvu.
3.3.6 Ukuminyanisa okubandayo kuzoba nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwamavalvu, futhi amathuluzi okulinganisa kufanele asetshenziselwe ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa lokugeleza noma ukufaka esikhundleni sevalvu.
3.3.7 Ngoketshezi oluzishisa ngokwalo, sebenzisa amathuluzi okulinganisa afanelekile ukuze uqinisekise indawo ezungezile kanye nengcindezi yokusebenza ingeqi indawo yayo yokuzikhela (ikakhulukazi qaphela ukukhanya kwelanga noma umlilo wangaphandle).
3.3.8 Uma kuba noketshezi oluyingozi, njengeziqhumane, ezivuthayo, ezinobuthi, imikhiqizo ekhipha i-oxidation, akuvunyelwe ukufaka esikhundleni sokupakisha ngaphansi kwengcindezi.Noma kunjalo, esimweni esiphuthumayo, akunconywa ukufaka esikhundleni sokupakisha ngaphansi kwengcindezi (nakuba i-valve inomsebenzi onjalo).
3.3.9 Qinisekisa ukuthi uketshezi alungcolile, okuthinta ukusebenza kwamavalvu, kungabandakanyi izinto eziqinile, ngaphandle kwalokho amathuluzi okulinganisa afanelekile kufanele asetshenziselwe ukususa ukungcola nezinsimbi eziqinile, noma esikhundleni salo kufakwe olunye uhlobo lwevalvu.
3.3.10 Izinga lokushisa lokusebenza elisebenzayo.

3.3.11 Qinisekisa ukuthi insimbi yomzimba wevalvu ifanelekile ukuthi ikwazi ukumelana nokugqwala nokuvikela indawo ewuketshezi.

3.3.12 Ngesikhathi sesevisi, hlola ukusebenza kokuvala njengokusho kwethebula elingezansi:

3.3.13 Njalo hlola ukuguga kwemali yokuhlala, ukupakisha ukuguga nomonakalo.
3.3.14 Ngemva kokulungiswa, hlanganisa kabusha futhi ulungise ivalvu, bese uhlola ukusebenza kokuqina bese wenza amarekhodi.